The foundation of the People´s Republic of China, Mao´s era

                                         The People´s Republic of China was proclaimed in 1949

The new leaders gained popular support by curbing inflation, restoring the economy, and rebuilding many war-damaged industrial installations, set up various institutions to lead changes in rural areas, the military, and the bureaucracy, included legal protection of wome´s rights and the abolition of polygamy. Also adopted the horizontal left–right method of writing. Lands were confiscated by the government from the former landlords and subsequently redistributed to the lower-class peasants en launched.the Three-anti and Five Movements, as well as the beginning of the Anti-Rightist Movement, when property owners and businesspeople were labeled as "rightists" and purged resulting in the killing of about one million  However, people.experienced significant growth between 1949 to 1958.

The newly founded PRCh fought against the UN, leaded by the US, in the Korean Peninsula between 1949 and 1952 and entered Tibet in Oct 1950. In 1964 builded its first atomic bomb.

The Sino-Soviet Treaty of Mutual Friendship was signed in 1950 and the Soviet Union provided considerable economic aid and training to China during the 1950s.

In 1957 Mao launched the Hundred Flower Campaign intended to let a hundred school of thought to contend aimed at fighting bureaucracy, but many took it as an opportunity to critize the Communist Party, then Mao put in place the Anti Rightist Campaign purging many intellectuals and workers.

In 1958 Mao broke with the Soviet model and launched the Great Leap Forward aimed a rapidly raising industrial and agricultural production. The results were disastrous, famine caused between 20 and 40 million deaths. The loudest opponent of Mao, Defense Minister Peng Dehaua, leader of the People´s Liberation Army in the Korean war, was purged.

The disaster of the Great Leap Forward decreased Mao influence as national leader and President Liu Shaoqi, Party General Secretary Deng Xiaoping and Premier Zhou Enlai took over the direction of the party and adopted pragmatic economic policies. But Mao reacted launching the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution to regain power against the "liberal bourgeoisie" and "capitalist roaders", created the Red Guards whose first targets were Deng Xiaoping and Liu Shaoqi, then they went on to rampage putting China in state of anarchy which actually lasted from 1966 to 1976.

Meanwhile, in 1971 Secretary of State of US, Kissinger led a secret delegation to Beijing to restore their relations. Previously China and SU relations had deteriarated at to the point of armed conflict at their Manchurian border.Nixon visited Beijing in 1972 causing confusion among socialist countries, "social imperialism" was now China´s main enemy.

Mao health was in sharp decline by 1973, however the Gang of Four leaded by his wife Jiang Qing tried to keep Mao´s radical stance. A turning point in the struggle between radical maoist and the pragmatic line leaded by Deng Xiaoping was Zhou Enlai death and his popular morning in Tiananmen converted in a demostration against the Gang.

Despite of Hua Guofeng was elected by Mao as his successor, Deng Xiaoping assumed the facto the leadership when Mao died in 1976.